34. Find First and Last Position of Element in Sorted Array

這一題是一個非常好的二分搜索的尋找左邊界與右邊界的問題。

class Solution:
    def findLeftBound(self, nums: List[int], target: int) -> int:
        left = 0
        right = len(nums) - 1
        while left <= right:
            mid = left + (right - left) // 2
            if nums[mid] == target:
                right = mid - 1
            elif nums[mid] < target:
                left = mid + 1
            elif nums[mid] > target:
                right = mid - 1
        if left >= len(nums) or nums[left] != target:
            return -1
        return left
    def findRightBound(self, nums: List[int], target: int) -> int:
        left = 0
        right = len(nums) - 1
        while left <= right:
            mid = left + (right - left) // 2
            if nums[mid] == target:
                left = mid + 1
            elif nums[mid] < target:
                left = mid + 1
            elif nums[mid] > target:
                right = mid - 1
        if right < 0 or nums[right] != target:
            return -1
        return right
    def searchRange(self, nums: List[int], target: int) -> List[int]:  
        left_bound = self.findLeftBound(nums, target)
        right_bound = self.findRightBound(nums, target)
        return [left_bound, right_bound]

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